For citations:

Sadikov R., Berdiyeva M., Kalimullin A., Tursunov L. Russian language in the education system of Turkestan in the late 19^th – early 20^th centuries. Education and Self-Development. 2025;20(3):191-207. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.26907/esd.20.3.14. EDN: YTITKC