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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">kvmolur</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Образование и саморазвитие</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Education and Self-Development</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1991-7740</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Казанский (Приволжский) федеральный университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26907/esd.20.3.14</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">YTITKC</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">kvmolur-155</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Русский язык в системе образования Туркестана в конце XIX – начале XX веков</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian language in the education system of Turkestan in the late 19th – early 20th centuries</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4093-189X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Садыков</surname><given-names>Р. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sadikov</surname><given-names>R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рустам М. Садыков</p><p>Ташкент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rustam Sadikov</p><p>Tashkent</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sadikovrustam2@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0389-7442</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бердиева</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Berdiyeva</surname><given-names>M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мукаррама А. Бердиева</p><p>Ташкент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mukarrama Berdiyeva</p><p>Tashkent</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mukarramab65@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7788-7728</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калимуллин</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalimullin</surname><given-names>A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Айдар М. Калимуллин</p><p>Самарканд; Россия; Казань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aydar Kalimullin</p><p>Samarkand; Russia; Kazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kalimullin@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7145-9834</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Турсунов</surname><given-names>Л. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tursunov</surname><given-names>L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лочин Э. Турсунов</p><p>Самарканд</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lochin Tursunov</p><p>Samarkand</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">luchanno7777@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ташкентский международный университет Кимё</institution><country>Узбекистан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kimyo International University in Tashkent</institution><country>Uzbekistan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Самаркандский государственный университет им. Шарофа Рашидова; Казанский (Приволжский) федеральный университет</institution><country>Узбекистан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Samarkand State University named after Sharof Rashidov; Kazan (Volga region) Federal University</institution><country>Uzbekistan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Самаркандский государственный институт иностранных языков</institution><country>Узбекистан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Samarkand State Institute of Foreign Languages</institution><country>Uzbekistan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>191</fpage><lpage>207</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Садыков Р.М., Бердиева М.А., Калимуллин А.М., Турсунов Л.Э., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Садыков Р.М., Бердиева М.А., Калимуллин А.М., Турсунов Л.Э.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sadikov R., Berdiyeva M., Kalimullin A., Tursunov L.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://kvmolur.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/155">https://kvmolur.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/155</self-uri><abstract><p>   Научные дискуссии о распространении русского языка в Центральной Азии в дореволюционный период приобрели в последние три десятилетия заметный политизированный характер. «Эффект маятника» в оценке исторического прошлого, выразившийся в переходе от советской идеализации к национальной критике в период независимых государств, не позволяет показать объективную роль русского языка в политической, экономической и социальной жизни Туркестана в конце XIX – начале ХХ веков. Односторонний анализ создает трудности в реализации языковой стратегии в современном Узбекистане, где в соответствии с Законом «О государственном языке» все народы республики имеют равные права и возможности.</p><p>   Целью данной статьи является объективный и всесторонний анализ процесса интеграции русского языка во все сферы жизнедеятельности узбекского общества на рубеже XIX–ХХ веков, заложившего основу для масштабных перемен в советское время.</p><p>   Метод контекстуализации позволяет комплексно раскрыть исторические, социальные и экономические условия развития языковых процессов в конкретный хронологический период, связанный с политическими задачами российского государства по освоению Туркестанского края, включавшего территорию современного Узбекистана. На этой основе сформулирован ряд дискуссионных вопросов, связанных с тем, насколько исторический опыт может быть востребован на современном этапе.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>   Scientific discussions about the spread of the Russian language in Central Asia in the pre-revolutionary period have acquired a noticeable politicized character in the last three decades. The “pendulum effect” in the assessment of the historical past, expressed in the transition from Soviet idealization to national criticism during the period of independent states, does not allow us to show the objective role of the Russian language in the political, economic and social life of Turkestan in the late 19th – early 20th centuries. A one-sided analysis creates difficulties in the implementation of a language strategy in modern Uzbekistan, where, in accordance with the Law “On the State Language”, all peoples of the republic have equal rights and opportunities.</p><p>   The purpose of this article is an objective and comprehensive analysis of the process of integration of the Russian language into all spheres of life of Uzbek society at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, which laid the foundation for large-scale processes in Soviet times.</p><p>   The contextualization method allows us to comprehensively reveal the historical, social and economic conditions for the development of language processes in a specific chronological period associated with the political tasks of the Russian state to develop the Turkestan region, which included the territory of modern Uzbekistan. On this basis, a number of discussion questions have been formulated related to the extent to which historical experience can be in demand at the present stage.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>русский язык</kwd><kwd>Туркестан</kwd><kwd>Узбекистан</kwd><kwd>дореволюционный период</kwd><kwd>языковая политика</kwd><kwd>джадидизм</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Russian language</kwd><kwd>Turkestan</kwd><kwd>Uzbekistan</kwd><kwd>pre-revolutionary period</kwd><kwd>language policy</kwd><kwd>Jadidism</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Абдирашидов, З. Исмаил Гаспринский и Туркестан в начале ХХ века: связи – отношения – влияние. – Ташкент: Akademnashr, 2011. – 384 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abdirashidov, Z. (2011). Ismail Gasprinsky and Turkestan in the early 20th century: connections – relations – influence. 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