Позитивные материнские практики и воспринимаемый ребенком стресс как предикторы сдерживающего контроля

Физический сдерживающий контроль является одним из показателей исполнительных функций, предполагающих поддержание намеренного движения. Благодаря принципу «все или ничего» сдерживающий контроль можно считать наиболее прямым проявлением тормозного контроля. Предыдущие исследования показали, что снижение исполнительных функций связано с уровнем стресса в детском возрасте и с высоким воспринимаемым стрессом в подростковом. Родительские практики также играют существенную роль в формировании исполнительных функций. Установлено, что позитивные родительские практики (когнитивная стимуляция и теплота) способствуют интернализации процесса саморегуляции. Несмотря на имеющиеся результаты, данные о связи между воспринимаемым дошкольниками стрессом, материнскими практиками и сдерживающим контролем ограниченны. Настоящее исследование направлено на выявление взаимосвязи между указанными показателями. Выборку составили 194 женщины и их дети. Возраст матерей – от 23 до 48 лет (M = 34,91; SD = 6,52), детей – от 5 до 8 лет (M = 6,5; SD = 0,37), 49% детей – мальчики, 51% – девочки. Сбор данных проводился с использованием субтеста NEPSY-II «Статуя», Шкалы воспринимаемого стресса для детей и анкеты с вопросами о родительских практиках. Текущее исследование показало, что воспринимаемый стресс может снизить сдерживающий контроль, но материнские практики, направленные на демонстрацию привязанности, принятия и поддержки, могут смягчить этот негативный эффект.

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