Маломасштабное эксплораторное исследование отношения будущих и работающих учителей к семинару по оказанию первой помощи

Компетенции учителей в области здравоохранения имеют решающее значение для эффективной реализации образовательного процесса и передачи знаний о здоровье будущим поколениям. Цель данного исследования заключалась в определении влияния практических занятий на знания и компетенции будущих и работающих учителей в отношении состояний здоровья, требующих оказания базовой первой помощи. Также исследование было направлено на изучение их отношения к проведённому семинару. В выборку вошли 68 участников – 41 студент педагогического направления и 27 учителей начальной школы. Для оценки отношения учителей использовалась шкала Ликерта из 13 пунктов, а практические задания позволили продемонстрировать полученные знания и навыки по конкретным темам первой помощи. Результаты показали схожее положительное отношение ко всем аспектам семинара среди всех участников, и обе группы признали ценность полученных знаний. Большинство участников согласились с тем, что семинар способствовал их обучению и профессиональному развитию, помогал совершенствовать их работу и включал содержательные и полезные виды деятельности. Результаты свидетельствуют о том, что приобретение базовых навыков и знаний по оказанию первой помощи повысило готовность участников к реагированию при несчастных случаях или внезапных заболеваниях, а также углубило понимание важности этих умений в образовательной среде.

1. Arli, S. K., & Yildirim, Z. (2017). The effects of basic first aid education on teachers’ knowledge level: A pilot study. International Journal of Caring Sciences, 10(2), 813–818.

2. Bakke, H. K., Bakke, H. K., & Schwebs, R. (2017). First-aid training in school: amount, content and hindrances. Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica, 61(10), 1361–1370. https://doi.org/10.1111/aas.12958

3. Bohn, A., Van Aken, H., Lukas, R. P., Weber, T., & Breckwoldt, J. (2013). Schoolchildren as lifesavers in Europe–Training in cardiopulmonary resuscitation for children. Best Practice & Research Clinical Anaesthesiology, 27(3), 387–396. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpa.2013.07.002

4. Böttiger, B. W., Semeraro, F., Altemeyer, K. H., Breckwoldt, J., Kreimeier, U., Rücker, G., Andres, J., Lockey, A., Lippert, F. K., Georgiou, M., & Wingen, S. (2017). Kids save lives: School children education in resuscitation for Europe and the world. European Journal of Anaesthesiology, 34(12), 792–796. https://doi.org/10.1097/EJA.0000000000000713

5. Calandrim, L. F., Santos, A. B. D., De Oliveira, L. R., Vedovato, C. A., Massaro, L. G., & Boaventura, A. P. (2017). First aid at school: teacher and staff training. Rev Rene, 18(3), 292–299. https://doi.org/10.15253/2175-6783.2017000300002

6. Cao, B. W., Lang, J. Q., Chen, J. Y., Yu, J. Z., Tan, L. P., Meng, Y., & Cai, F. F. (2018). Implementing the First-Aid Education into the College Curriculum in China: The Efficacy Study of the FirstAid Workshop at Wenzhou-Kean University. Journal of Biosciences and Medicines, 6, 79–87. https://doi.org/10.4236/jbm.2018.612008

7. De Buck, E., Van Remoortel, H., Dieltjens, T., Verstraeten, H., Clarysse, M., Moens, O., & Vandekerckhove, P. (2015). Evidence-based educational pathway for the integration of first aid training in school curricula. Resuscitation, 94, 8–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2015.06.008

8. Fengqin, L. (2012). The Necessity of First Aid Training for College Students. Chinese Journal of School Doctor, 26, 225–227.

9. Huang, R., Li, S., Guo, Y., Yang, X., & Zhang, B. (2025). Motivations, challenges, and benefits of first aid knowledge popularization volunteerism among undergraduate medical students: a qualitative study. Frontiers in Public Health, 13, 1701431. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1701431

10. International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies. (2022). First Aid Vision 2030.

11. https://www.ifrc.org/sites/default/files/2025-07/IFRC_FirstAIdVision2030_EN_LR.pdf

12. Kuvaki, B., & Özbilgin, Ş. (2018). School Children Save Lives. Turkish Journal of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, 46(3), 170–175. https://doi.org/10.5152/TJAR.2018.25986

13. León-Guereño, P., Cid-Aldama, L., Galindo-Domínguez, H., & Amezua-Urrutia, A. (2023). Effectiveness of an Intervention to Enhance First Aid Knowledge among Early Childhood Education Students: A Pilot Study. Children, 10(7), 1252. https://doi.org/10.3390/children10071252

14. Maksymchuk, B., Matviichuk, T., Solovyov, V., Davydenko, H., Soichuk, R., Khurtenko, O., Groshovenko, O., Stepanchenko, N., Andriychuk, Y., Grygorenko, T., Duka, T., Pidlypniak, I., Gurevych, R., Kuzmenko, V., & Maksymchuk, I. (2020). Developing Healthcare Competency in Future Teachers. Revista Românească pentru Educaţie Multidimensională, 12(3), 24–43. https://doi.org/10.18662/rrem/12.3/307

15. Minna, S., Leena, H., & Tommi, K. (2022). How to evaluate first aid skills after training: a systematic review. Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine, 30, 56. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13049-022-01043-z

16. Nam, S. M. (2025). Knowledge, Performance Confidence, and Education Needs of Early Childhood Education College Students on First Aid and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation. Korean Association for Learner-Centered Curriculum and Instruction, 25, 617–627. https://doi.org/10.22251/jlcci.2025.25.1.617

17. Olmos-Gómez, M. d. C., Ruiz-Garzón, F., Pais-Roldán, P., & López-Cordero, R. (2021). Teaching first aid to prospective teachers as a way to promote child healthcare. Healthcare, 9(4), 367. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9040367

18. Petrovic, D., Maric, M., & Bogosavljevic-Sijakov, M. (2021). Pilot study on the improvement of the health-education and psychological competencies of education students in the context of epidemic/pandemic circumstances. Education and Self-Development, 16(3), 44–51. https://doi.org/10.26907/esd.16.3.05

19. Reveruzzi, B., Buckley, L., & Sheehan, M. (2016). School-Based First Aid Training Programs: A Systematic Review. Journal of School Health, 86(4), 266–272. https://doi.org/10.1111/josh.12373 Sadjadi, M., Brülle, R., Onbasilar, U., Booke, H., Strauß, C., Von Groote, T., Van Aken, H., & Gottschalk, A. (2025). Implementation of school-based CPR training – A systematic review and mixed-methods meta-analysis. Resuscitation Plus, 23, 100955. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resplu.2025.100955

20. Sutoi, D., Cindrea, A. C., Popa, D. I., Trebuian, C. I., Williams, C., Sutoi, M., Puscas, A. B., Marza, A. M., Buleu, F., Chiu, B., Marin, G., Chis, V. M., Ciontos, A., Sabau, L. D., & Mederle, O. A. (2025). Impact of hands-on workshops on future medical students’ motivation, confidence, and career aspirations: an observational study. Journal of Medicine and Life, 18(2), 147–154. https://doi.org/10.25122/jml-2025-0030

21. Tíscar-González, V., Blanco-Blanco, J., Gea-Sánchez, M., Rodriguez Molinuevo, A., & MorenoCasbas, T. (2019). Nursing knowledge of and attitude in cardiopulmonary arrest: cross-sectional survey analysis. PeerJ, 7, e6410. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6410

22. Toner, P., Connolly, M., Laverty, L., McGrath, P., Connolly, D., & McCluskey, D. R. (2007). Teaching basic life support to school children using medical students and teachers in a ‘peer-training’ model – Results of the ‘ABC for life’ programme. Resuscitation, 75(1), 169–175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2007.03.009

23. Tse, E., Plakitsi, K., Voulgaris, S., & Alexiou, G. A. (2022). Teaching Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Defibrillation in Children. Pediatric Emergency Care, 38(9), e1577. https://doi.org/10.1097/PEC.0000000000002815

24. Tse, E., Plakitsi, K., Voulgaris, S., & Alexiou, G. A. (2025). The effectiveness of schoolteachers as first aid instructors. Health Education Journal, 84(1), 105–110. https://doi.org/10.1177/00178969241301350

25. Tse, E., Plakitsi, K., Voulgaris, S., & Alexiou, G. A. (2023). The Role of a First Aid Training Program for Young Children: A Systematic Review. Children, 10(3), 431. https://doi.org/10.3390/children10030431

26. U.S. Department of Labor Occupational Safety and Health Administration. (2006). Best Practices Guide: Fundamentals of a Workplace First-Aid Program. https://www.osha.gov/sites/default/files/publications/OSHA3317FIRST-AID.pdf

27. Vermonden, M., Dehaerne, L., Toelen, J., & De Coninck, D. (2023). Teacher Preparedness for Medical Emergencies in Belgian Classrooms: Studying Objective and Subjective First-Aid Knowledge. Children, 10(4), 669. https://doi.org/10.3390/children10040669

28. Violence Prevention (PVL). (2008). World report on child injury prevention. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241563574

29. Wang, X., Qiao, T., Chang, J., & Ye, P. (2025). A comprehensive review of the dissemination and training of safety and first aid skills among early childhood educators. Journal of Education and Health Promotion, 14(1), 417. https://doi.org/10.4103/jehp.jehp_1622_24

30. Yan, X. Q., Shi, Z. Y., Han, X. T., Chen, F., Xiang, H., Liu, X. L., & Zhu, Y. M. (2022). Popularization of first-aid education in China: Challenges and progress. World Journal of Emergency Medicine, 13(1), 65–66. https://doi.org/10.5847/wjem.j.1920-8642.2022.010

31. Yu, X., Hu, Y., & Hu, Y. (2026). Pre-Service Teachers’ Acceptance of ClassroomRescue VR: A Virtual Reality Tool for First Aid Skills Training in K-12 Classrooms. International Journal of Human– Computer Interaction, 42(1), 183–196. https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2025.2505776

32. Yuk, G., Choi, K., & Yeon, H. (2017). Comparison between perception of early child care teachers and preservice child care teachers regarding the first aid. Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial Cooperation Society, 18(3), 242–248. https://doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2017.18.3.242

33. Zideman, D. A., Singletary, E. M., Borra, V., Cassan, P., Cimpoesu, C. D., De Buck, E., Djärv, T., Handley, A. J., Klaassen, B., Meyran, D., Oliver, E., & Poole, K. (2021). European Resuscitation Council guidelines 2021: First aid. Resuscitation, 161, 270–290. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2021.02.013

34. Zinckernagel, L., Hansen, C. M., Rod, M. H., Folke, F., Torp-Pedersen, C., & Tjørnhøj-Thomsen, T. (2016). What are the barriers to implementation of cardiopulmonary resuscitation training in secondary schools? A qualitative study. BMJ Open, 6(4), e010481. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2015-010481

35. ZUOV – Institute for the Improvement of Education Quality of the Republic of Serbia – Center for Professional Development of Employees (n.d.). Questionnaire for training participants. https://zuov.gov.rs/organizatori/