Влияние активной школьной среды на динамичный образ жизни учащихся

Внутренняя и внешняя среды, в которых находятся дети, являются частью мезосистемы, влияющей на уровень их физической активности, а также на их отношение к здоровью и физическому воспитанию. Авторы исследовали доступность ресурсов и школьных спортивных сооружений, а также связь между школьными программами по физическому воспитанию и здоровью и уровнем физической активности учащихся. Методом исследования стали опросы учащихся и интервью с учителями. Полученные оценки школьной программы по физическому воспитанию и самооценка уровня физической активности учащихся были интерпретированы на основании количественного и качественного анализ данных. Результаты показали, что самооценка учащимися уровня физической активности положительно коррелирует с их восприятием программ по здоровью и физическому воспитанию. Более низкий уровень физической активности отмечают учащиеся, которые считают школьную программу по физическому воспитанию неадекватной. Администрации школ и всем заинтересованным сторонам необходимо содействовать созданию активной школьной среды, что повысит вовлеченность учащихся в физические упражнения и улучшит их отношение к физическому воспитанию и здоровью, сформирует у них мотивацию к динамичному образу жизни.

1. Alexander, S. A., Barnett, T. A., & Fitzpatrick, C. (2016). Are inequalities produced through the differential access to play opportunities at school? A call to level the playing field. Canadian Journal of Public Health, 107(6), e583–e585. https://doi.org/10.17269/CJPH.107.5471

2. Cetintahra, G. E., & Cubukcu, E. (2015). Do Parent’s Evaluations of Physical Environment Influence Childhood Obesity and Children’s Physical Activity? Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 202, 24–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.08.205

3. Cradock, A. L., Barrett, J. L., Kenney, E. L., Giles, C. M., Ward, Z. J., Long, M. W., Resch, S. C., Pipito, A. A., Wei, E. R., & Gortmaker, S. L. (2017). Using cost-effectiveness analysis to prioritize policy and programmatic approaches to physical activity promotion and obesity prevention in childhood. Preventive Medicine, 95, S17–S27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.10.017

4. Crawford, M. (2020). Ecological Systems Theory: Exploring the Development of the Theoretical Framework as Conceived by Bronfenbrenner. Journal of Public Health Issues and Practices, 4(2), 170. https://doi.org/10.33790/jphip1100170

5. Gilemkhanova, E. N., Khusainova, R. M., Lushpaeva, I. I., & Khairutdinova, M. R. (2022). A Model of Subjective Well-Being of a Teacher in the Context of the Safety of Educational Environment. Education and Self-Development, 17(4), 288–302. https://doi.org/10.26907/esd.17.4.20

6. Haegele, J. A., Healy, S., & Zhu, X. (2018). Physical activity and obesity among nine-year-old children with and without chronic health problems, illness, or disabilities in Ireland. Disability and Health Journal, 11(1), 143–148. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dhjo.2017.08.002

7. Hallmann, K., Wicker, P., Breuer, C., & Schönherr, L. (2012). Understanding the importance of sport infrastructure for participation in different sports – findings from multi-level modeling. European Sport Management Quarterly, 12(5), 525–544. https://doi.org/10.1080/16184742.2012.687756

8. Henrique, R. S., Ré, A. H. N., Stodden, D. F., Fransen, J., Campos, C. M. C., Queiroz, D. R., & Cattuzzo, M. T. (2016). Association between sports participation, motor competence and weight status: A longitudinal study. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 19(10), 825–829. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2015.12.512

9. Hodges, E. A., Smith, C., Tidwell, S., & Berry, D. (2013). Promoting Physical Activity in Preschoolers to Prevent Obesity: A Review of the Literature. Journal of Pediatric Nursing, 28(1), 3–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedn.2012.01.002

10. Ip, P., Ho, F. K.-W., Louie, L. H.-T., Chung, T. W.-H., Cheung, Y.-F., Lee, S.-L., Hui, S. S. C., Ho, W. K. Y., Ho, D. S. Y., Wong, W. H. S., & Jiang, F. (2017). Childhood obesity and physical activityfriendly school environments. The Journal of Pediatrics, 191, 110–116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2017.08.017

11. Jebeile, H., Kelly, A. S., O’Malley, G., & Baur, L. A. (2022). Obesity in children and adolescents: epidemiology, causes, assessment, and management. The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology, 10(5), 351–365. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-8587(22)00047-X

12. Kanters, M. A., Bocarro, J. N., Filardo, M., Edwards, M. B., Mckenzie, T. L., & Floyd, M. F. (2014). Shared use of school facilities with community organizations and afterschool physical activity program participation: A cost-benefit assessment. Journal of School Health, 84(5), 302–309. https://doi.org/10.1111/josh.12148

13. Lau, J., & Ng, K. M. (2014). Conceptualizing the Counseling Training Environment Using Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Theory. International Journal for the Advancement of Counselling, 36(4), 423–439. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10447-014-9220-5

14. Lindsay Smith, G., Banting, L., Eime, R., O’Sullivan, G., & van Uffelen, J. G. Z. (2017). The association between social support and physical activity in older adults: a systematic review. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 14(1), 56. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966017-0509-8

15. Matisziw, T. C., Nilon, C. H., Wilhelm Stanis, S. A., LeMaster, J. W., McElroy, J. A., & Sayers, S. P. (2016). The right space at the right time: The relationship between children’s physical activity and land use/land cover. Landscape and Urban Planning, 151, 21–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2016.03.006

16. McMullen, J. M., MacPhail, A., & Dillon, M. (2019). “I want to do it all day!” – Students’ experiences of classroom movement integration. International Journal of Educational Research, 94, 52–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2018.11.014

17. Neal, J. W., & Neal, Z. P. (2013). Nested or networked? Future directions for ecological systems theory. Social Development, 22(4), 722–737. https://doi.org/10.1111/sode.12018

18. Nielsen, G., Bugge, A., Hermansen, B., Svensson, J., & Andersen, L. B. (2012). School playground facilities as a determinant of children’s daily activity: a cross-sectional study of Danish primary school children. Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 9(1), 104–114. https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.9.1.104

19. Perez, L. G., Conway, T. L., Arredondo, E. M., Elder, J. P., Kerr, J., McKenzie, T. L., & Sallis, J. F. (2017). Where and when adolescents are physically active: Neighborhood environment and psychosocial correlates and their interactions. Preventive Medicine, 105, 337–344. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.10.010

20. Psychology Notes HQ Editorial Staff. (2026). Bronfenbrenner’s 5 Systems: Ecological Theory & Examples. The Psychology Notes Headquarters. https://www.psychologynoteshq.com/bronfenbrenner-ecological-theory/

21. Ridgers, N. D., Salmon, J., Parrish, A. M., Stanley, R. M., & Okely, A. D. (2012). Physical activity during school recess: a systematic review. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 43(3), 320–328. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2012.05.019

22. Ridley, K., Zabeen, S., & Lunnay, B. K. (2018). Children’s physical activity levels during organised sports practices. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 21(9), 930–934. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2018.01.019

23. Sahoo, K., Sahoo, B., Choudhury, A. K., Sofi, N. Y., Kumar, R., & Bhadoria, A. S. (2015). Childhood obesity: causes and consequences. Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 4(2), 187–192. https://doi.org/10.4103/2249-4863.154628

24. Slater, S., Chriqui, J., Chaloupka, F. J., & Johnston, L. (2014). Joint use policies: Are they related to adolescent behavior? Preventive Medicine, 69(S), S37–S43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.08.032

25. Telama, R., Yang, X., Leskinen, E., Kankaanpää, A., Hirvensalo, M., Tammelin, T., Viikari, J. S. A., & Raitakari, O. T. (2014). Tracking of physical activity from early childhood through youth into adulthood. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 46(5), 955–962. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000000181

26. Telford, R. M., Telford, R. D., Cochrane, T., Cunningham, R. B., Olive, L. S., & Davey, R. (2016). The influence of sport club participation on physical activity, fitness and body fat during childhood and adolescence: The LOOK Longitudinal Study. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 19(5), 400–406. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2015.04.008

27. The GBD 2015 Obesity Collaborators. (2017). Health Effects of Overweight and Obesity in 195 Countries over 25 Years. The New England Journal of Medicine, 377(1), 13–27. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1614362

28. Ubago-Guisado, E., Mata, E., Sánchez-Sánchez, J., Plaza-Carmona, M., Martín-García, M., & Gallardo, L. (2017). Influence of different sports on fat mass and lean mass in growing girls. Journal of Sport and Health Science, 6(2), 213–218. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2015.06.001

29. Verschuren, O., Wiart, L., Hermans, D., & Ketelaar, M. (2012). Identification of facilitators and barriers to physical activity in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy. Journal of Pediatrics, 161(3), 488–494. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2012.02.042

30. Villeneuve, P. J., Jerrett, M., Su, J. G., Weichenthal, S., & Sandler, D. P. (2018). Association of residential greenness with obesity and physical activity in a US cohort of women. Environmental Research, 160, 372–384. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2017.10.005

31. Voss, C., Ogunleye, A. A., & Sandercock, G. R. (2013). Physical Activity Questionnaire for children and adolescents: English norms and cut-off points. Pediatrics International, 55(4), 498–507. https://doi.org/10.1111/ped.12092

32. Ward, D. S., Welker, E., Choate, A., Henderson, K. E., Lott, M., Tovar, A., Wilson, A., & Sallis, J. F. (2017). Strength of obesity prevention interventions in early care and education settings: A systematic review. Preventive Medicine, 95, S37–S52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.09.033

33. WHO. (2017). Tenfold increase in childhood and adolescent obesity in four decades: new study by Imperial College London and WHO. World Health Organization. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/releases/2017/increase-childhood-obesity/en/

34. Whooten, R. C., Perkins, M. E., Gerber, M. W., & Taveras, E. M. (2018). Effects of Before-School

35. Physical Activity on Obesity Prevention and Wellness. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 54(4), 510–518. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2018.01.017

36. Wicker, P., Hallmann, K., & Breuer, C. (2013). Analyzing the impact of sport infrastructure on sport participation using geo-coded data: Evidence from multi-level models. Sport Management Review, 16(1), 54–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smr.2012.05.001

37. Young, D. R., Spengler, J. O., Frost, N., Evenson, K. R., Vincent, J. M., & Whitsel, L. (2014). Promoting physical activity through the shared use of school recreational spaces: a policy statement from the American Heart Association. American Journal of Public Health, 104(9), 1583–1588. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2013.301461